Cấu Tạo Và Nguyên Tắc Hoạt Động Của Biến Tần GE AV-300i

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Biến tần là thiết bị biến đổi dòng điện xoay chiều ở tần số này thành dòng điện xoay chiều ở tần số khác có thể điều chỉnh được.

Biến tần là thiết bị làm thay đổi tần số dòng điện đặt lên cuộn dây bên trong động cơ và thông qua đó có thể điều khiển tốc độ động cơ một cách vô cấp, không cần dùng đến các hộp số cơ khí. Biến tần thường sử dụng các linh kiện bán dẫn để đóng ngắt tuần tự các cuộn dây của động cơ để làm sinh ra từ trường xoay làm quay rô-to (rotor).
Bộ Biến tần thường được sử dụng để điều khiển vận tốc động cơ xoay chiều theo phương pháp điều khiển tần số, theo đó tần số của lưới nguồn sẽ thay đổi thành tần số biến thiên.
Nguyên lý hoạt động của biến tần/ inverter cũng khá đơn giản.
Nguồn điện xoay chiều một pha hay ba pha được chỉnh lưu, sau đó lọc thành nguồn điện một chiều bằng phẳng nhờ tụ điện và bộ chỉnh lưu cầu diode. Nhờ vậy, cos(phi) – hệ số công suất biến tần có giá trị không phụ thuộc vào tải và có Min=0.96.
Tiếp đến, điện áp một chiều được biến đổi (nghịch lưu) thành điện áp xoay chiều ba pha đối xứng, thông qua hệ IGBT (transistor lưỡng cực có cổng cách ly) bằng cách điều chế độ rộng xung (PWM).
Nhờ công nghệ vi xử lý và công nghệ bán dẫn lực rất phát triển hiện nay, tần số chuyển mạch xung có thể lên tới dải tần số siêu âm nhằm giảm tiếng ồn cho động cơ và giảm tổn thất trên lõi sắt động cơ.
Nếu có bất kì câu hỏi nào liên quan đến biến tần GE, Gefran từ khâu mua sắm, lựa chọn, sử dụng, cài đặt hay thay thế, vui lòng liên hệ với INO team để được hỗ trợ và tư vấn kịp thời.
Công ty Giải pháp và Công nghệ Đo lường INO.

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